The history of James Bond 007 spans over seven decades, beginning as a Cold War literary character before evolving into one of the most successful and longest-running film franchises in history. James Bond was created by Ian Fleming, a former British naval intelligence officer, in 1952 while at his Jamaican estate, Goldeneye. Fleming wrote 12 novels and two short-story collections. The first, Casino Royale, was published in 1953.